EMOTION

What is emotion?

Emotion is difficult to define but always consists of feelings, behaviour, physiological change

and cognitions and always occurs in a particular context which influences it. Its major

function is to give information to the individual about their interaction with the world.

What are the core aspects of emotion?

From an everyday perspective, the core aspects of emotion are to do with its expression

(largely, although not solely, by the face) and its recognition

What are the emotions?

There are four or five basic emotions, basic in the sense of being clearly biologically

grounded and important to the evolutionary survival of the individual. These are: anxiety/fear,

sadness, anger, happiness/joy and disgust.

Robert Plutchik created a wheel of emotions in 1980 which consisted of 8 basic emotions and

8 advanced emotions each composed of 2 basic ones.

Basic emotion Basic opposite

1 joy

  Joy means a feeling of great pleasure and happiness. Times are changing and what is being asked of you during this particular time is to allow more joy into your life.                                               

    

2 Sadness     

 Sadness is a form or subset of unhappiness which is less intense than grief and is an emotional response to losing something of value, having to leave an enjoyable circumstance, or having to say goodbye to a dear human or playmate.

What causes grief in some humans only causes sadness in others frequently because there has not been a strong enough attachment or bond.

3 Trust   

Trust is faith that another person will not hurt or take advantage of you.

Trust is the foundation and necessary precondition for all relationships. Trust is the glue that holds people together and the basic lubricant of all social, business, romantic, or familial relationships. Trust is why you are comfortable showing weakness or otherwise letting down your guard around certain people. Trust breaks down barriers.

                                                                   

 

 

4 Disgust

Disgust is an emotional response of rejection or revulsion to something potentially contagious or something considered offensive, distasteful, or unpleasant. In The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, Charles Darwin wrote that disgust is a sensation that 

refers to something revolting

5 fear

fear is a feeling induced by perceived danger or threat that occurs in certain types of organisms, which causes a change in metabolic and organ functions and ultimately a change in behavior, such as fleeing, hiding, or freezing from perceived traumatic events. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to body or life. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis.

In humans and animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia. 

                                                                                  

                                                       

6 Anger

Anger is an emotion characterized by antagonism toward someone or something you feel has deliberately done you wrong. Anger can be a good thing. It can give you a way to express negative feelings, for example, or motivate you to find solutions to problems. But excessive anger can cause problems.

7 surprise 

             to strike or occur to with a sudden feeling of wonder or astonishment, as through       unexpectedness:

Her beauty surprised me.

to come upon or discover suddenly and unexpectedly:We surprised the children raiding the cookie jar.

to make an unexpected assault on (an unprepared army, fort, person, etc.).

to elicit or bring out suddenly and without warning:

to surprise the facts from the witness.
                                     

8 Anticipation 

Anticipation is excitement, waiting eagerly for something you know is going to happen. ... Anticipation can be a nervous expectation, like when the birthday party waited in anticipation for Elmer to walk in so they could surprise him.

Advanced emotions and their formation   

1 Optimism    (Anticipation + Joy) .

Optimism is a mental attitude reflecting a belief or hope that the outcome of some specific endeavor, or outcomes in general, will be positive, favorable, and desirable                  
       

 2   Disappointment (Surprise + Sadness)

 the feeling of being unhappy because something that you hoped for or expected did not happen or because someone or something was not as good as you expected. disappointment at: Diplomats expressed disappointment at the lack of progress.

      

3 love             ( (Joy + Trust)

Love is a variety of feelings, emotions, and attitude. For some love is more than just being interested physically in someone, it's an emotional attachment. Love is more of a feeling that a person feels for another person. ... The basic meaning of love is to feel more than liking towards someone.

                                         

 4 Remorse         (Sadness + Disgust)

Remorse is a distressing emotion experienced by a person who regrets actions which they deem to be shameful, hurtful, or violent. Remorse is closely allied to guilt and self-directed resentment

5 Submission              (Trust + Fear)

submissive (or submission) behavior means shying away from saying what you really mean and not seeking to achieve your needs, particularly when someone else has conflicting needs. A submissive person is a shrinking violet, avoiding upsetting others either because they fear them or they fear to hurt their feelings

6 Contempt       (Disgust + Anger)

Contempt means hatred or disdain and it's the feeling people have when they look down on others. Research shows contempt has three features: 1) Someone fails to meet their behavioral standards whether they're based on class, culture, morals or religion.

 7 Awe                        ( Fear + Surprise)    

Awe is an emotion comparable to wonder but less joyous. On Robert Plutchik's wheel of emotions awe is modeled as a combination of surprise and fear.

            

8 Aggressiveness      (Anger + Anticipation)

Aggressive behavior can cause physical or emotional harm to others. It may range from verbal abuse to physical abuse. It can also involve harming personal property. Aggressive behavior violates social boundaries. ... Occasional aggressive outbursts are common and even normal in the right circumstances.

                                                    Author

                                                                   Abu Bakar

source 

www.wikipedia.com ( for each topic's assistance )

https://www.quora.com/What-are-different-types-of-emotions

www.google.com ( picture reference )

( michel cabanac's article about emotions)
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11040893_What_is_emotion